What is the function of a "forensic live CD"?

A forensic live CD is a specialized operating system that is run from a bootable medium, such as a CD, DVD, or USB drive. Its primary function is to allow investigators to boot a computer in a controlled environment that does not interfere with the existing operating system or the data stored on the device. This is crucial in forensic analysis because even small changes to the data could compromise the integrity of the evidence.

When using a forensic live CD, the system operates in a manner that preserves the original state of the hard drive. It enables forensic analysts to examine the system's memory, running processes, and file structures without the risk of altering any files or data that could be relevant to an investigation. This non-invasive method is essential for maintaining the chain of custody and ensuring that evidence remains admissible in court.

The other options do not accurately describe the function of a forensic live CD. While it is true that a live CD can run a lightweight operating system, installing a new OS is not its purpose. It is also not used specifically for recovering lost files or creating backups, as these actions involve altering data in a way that a forensic live CD is designed to avoid.